• Acknowledgement This work was supported by grants from the

  2022-07-18

  

  Acknowledgement This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81802749), Shenzhen Healthcare Research Project (No.SZBC2017029), the Science and Technology Foundation of Shenzhen (JCYJ20170412155231633, JSGG20170414104216477), National Key Research and D

• br Conclusions br Introduction Astrocytes contribute to phys

  2022-07-18

  

  Conclusions Introduction Astrocytes contribute to physiological DDD107498 synthesis function on many levels. They help maintain the physiological composition of the extracellular medium by, for instance, buffering potassium and uptake of neurotransmitters. They can also provide neurons with en

• br Activity dependent control of myelination and myelin

  2022-07-16

  

  Activity-dependent control of myelination and myelin maintenance Oligodendrocytes have intrinsic myelinating capacity and can myelinate fixed Dig-11-utp in addition to synthetic nanofibers and micropillars [21, 34, 35]. What prevents oligodendrocytes from myelinating dendrites or other cells in

• SC-10 br METHODS br RESULTS br Discussion Numerous studies h

  2022-07-16

  

  METHODS RESULTS Discussion Numerous studies have proposed various hypotheses and models to explain how neuroinflammation could contribute to the chronic fatigue, postexertional fatigue, and cognitive deficits observed in patients with ME/CFS.12, 13, 14, 15 Although neuroimaging studies have

• betaxolol GPR detection by reverse transcription polymerase

  2022-07-16

  

  GPR35 detection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Total RNA of cultured DRG neurons was extracted using the RNAqueous kit (Ambion). Complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized from 1μg of isolated total RNA with SuperScript III reverse transcriptase (Invitrogen). An aliquot o

• Finally we investigated increasing basicity as

  2022-07-16

  

  Finally, we investigated increasing basicity as a way to improve solubility. We expected that conversion of the ether linkage of to an -methyl group could improve solubility. More than expected, Phenformin demonstrated significant improvement of values of solubility for the two media, especially

• Previous studies showed that pregnancy rate improves

  2022-07-16

  

  Previous studies showed that pregnancy rate improves when ewes have a BCS that exceeds a minimum threshold [43]. The pregnancy rate is increased in sheep with BCS ≥2.5 [44] and >2 [45]. In this work, pregnancy rate was higher in the GnRH group with low BCS compared to the hCG and Control groups. Des

• To date glycine receptors have been found

  2022-07-16

  

  To date, glycine receptors have been found in five distinct transmembrane protein subunits (one β subunit and four α subunit (α1–α4)), combining to form two different types of functional receptors [4], [14], either α homomeric, the immature extrasynaptic glycine receptor subtype, or αβ heteromeric,

• Structural analysis of the MD open

  2022-07-16

  

  Structural analysis of the MD-open state unveils that the transmembrane domain features a symmetric organization of the pore-lining helices M2 similar to the semi-open structure but with a local asymmetry at the constriction point, which is critical for chloride permeation. The atomistic simulations

• In summary activated A AR

  2022-07-16

  

  In summary, activated A2AR exacerbated the reverse transport function of endothelial EAATs through a direct or indirect pathway depending on PKA and glutamate levels in response to OGD in vitro, but A2AR inhibition quickly restored the normal transport function. Moreover, the key mechanisms by which

• In the spinal cord EAAT

  2022-07-16

  

  In the spinal cord, EAAT1 constitutes 40% of all high-affinity EAATs, and it is abundantly present in lumbar dorsal horn (Queen et al., 2007). In physiological conditions, EAATs remove glutamate from the synaptic cleft by co-transporting glutamate and sodium into adjacent glial cells. The inefficien

• br Characterization and regional localization of Glu transpo

  2022-07-16

  

  Characterization and regional localization of Glu transporters Molecular studies led to the description of five subtypes of plasma membrane Glu transporters termed in accordance to their human or rodent origin (Kanai and Hediger, 1992, Pines et al., 1992, Storck et al., 1992). In humans, these tr

• Another key component of proper DA cell

  2022-07-16

  

  Another key component of proper DA cell physiology is the basal firing activity of SN DA neurons, which maintains extracellular levels of dopamine in the dorsal striatum that are essential for voluntary movement [106]. Changes in SN DA neuron activity directly impacts the amount of dopamine release

• We have previously shown in the same time

  2022-07-16

  

  We have previously shown in the same time frame reported here (10 min) that AG was not degraded into DAG [29] and that the half-life of AG in human serum is ∼10 min [49]. However, we cannot rule out in this study that there is not breakdown to DAG that could contribute to the levels of 125I-ghrelin

• The lack of inhibition of

  2022-07-16

  

  The lack of inhibition of K+ efflux in normal red cells reported by Fathallah et al. [16] was attributed by the authors to a lower level (about half) of membrane PKCα activity. In our experiments, single channel recording probably overcame this difficulty because of its molecular detection level. O

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